Old new brick

Brick of baked clay for centuries been a popular material for building houses. For such a significant period of this versatile building material has undergone major changes - became a different look, acquired new properties.

Ceramic brick

The oldest kind of brick - ceramic. It is made from clay or a mixture of different types and it is fired at a temperature of about +1000 ° C. This brick is durable and eco-friendly, resistant to climatic influences. Ceramic brick is divided into two main types: construction (wall) and face (facial). Building bricks used for installation of the foundation, erection of walls, etc., and the face, respectively, facing buildings and decoration. Also, the ceramic brick is solid and hollow. Solid brick - a material with a low void volume (less than 13%). It is more often used for interior and exterior masonry walls, columns, pillars and other structures that carry, in addition to its own weight, a further burden. present in perforated brick through holes of various shapes and sizes. Due to the fact that the cavities constitute a significant portion of the volume (13% to 50%), for the manufacture of brick takes less raw material than solid brick. In addition, "immured" dry air increases the insulating properties.

Silicate brick

White (silicate) brick made from a mixture of air lime, silica sand and water. In fact, it sticks silicate autoclaved concrete shaped bricks and dimensions. K silicate also include lime-slag and lime-ash bricks. They have a lower density and thermal conductivity, because in their production instead of heavy quartz sand used lighter porous slag (in lime-slag brick) or ash (in lime-ash bricks). Because slag and ash are wastes that result from the combustion of coal or other fuel in boiler CHP, these kinds of silicate bricks have a lower cost. Among the advantages of these materials can be attributed, and good insulation, and reduced thermal conductivity. Thinner walls of lime-ash bricks will have the same performance soundproofing and heat retention that thicker walls of ceramic bricks. main drawback of silica brick is smaller than ceramic, moisture resistance and heat resistance. Therefore white bricks are used only in the construction of walls and partitions. Unfortunately for masonry structures exposed to water or high temperature (foundation, stoves, fireplaces and chimneys), it is not suitable.

Clinker brick

Clinker is pressed from the dry refractory clay and fired to sinter at much higher temperatures than ceramic. As a result of firing the material from which the clinker is made, it becomes homogeneous. This ensures a high density and durability. clinker versatility allows its use in virtually all types of construction. Most often, the material used for decorating caps and facades of buildings, paving roads or floors in the shops. Clinker withstand at least 50 cycles of freeze / thaw, and as strength, below M400 simply did not produce. Disadvantages include increased material thermal conductivity and high cost.

Hyperpressed brick

This material is produced by semi-dry mixture of hyper crushed limestone, cement and dyes. Hyperpressed brick has excellent performance properties - increased strength and frost resistance. In addition, this material does not absorb moisture, easily handles temperature and wear resistance. Solid solid brick hyperpressed very heavy (this is due to its high strength and durability), and this material is "cold", so often it is used for decorative wall treatment.

Porous brick

Porous brick made from clay mixture, which was composed of sawdust and water. Sawdust can be up to 30% of the total, they are burned in the firing process, and in their place voids - pores.Thus obtained material is lightweight and excellent sound absorption and thermal insulation properties. This brick is much warmer than usual due to the ceramic porous structure, so it is widely used for thermal insulation of external walls of the building and construction of partitions inside buildings. However, it is worth remembering that the porous brick is not suitable for the construction of foundations and chimneys, due to its low density and inability to withstand heavy loads.

Aluminous brick

Fireclay brick is 70% of refractory clay, colloquially referred to as "chamotte". If other types of furnace bricks are designed for specific needs, the fireclay truly versatile and well suited for use in the home. It is used when they want to avoid the rapid destruction of masonry in contact with open fire - this material can withstand temperatures in excess of +1000 ° C. Fireclay brick is not only resistant to high temperatures, but also conducts heat well, quickly warming up the room, whether living or bath. The disadvantage is that fireclay bricks "corroded" iron oxide and begins to soften at +1300 - +1400 ° C.

Alexander Soloviev